JHDM1: Members of the JHDM1 group are found in organisms from budding yeast to human. In addition to the JmjC domain, the human, mouse and D. melanogaster JHDM1 orthologues contain leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), an F-box domain and a CXXC zinc-finger domain. Using a novel activity-based histone demethylase assay, we recently identified the JHDM1 family of histone demethylases, and showed that the JmjC domain can specifically mediate Fe(II) and αKG-dependent histone demethylation. Both human JHDM1 homologues (JHDM1A and JHDM1B) and their orthologue from budding yeast are H3K36 histone demethylases. Little is known about the biological function of JHDM1 proteins, although the C. elegans orthologue can suppress spontaneous mutations and the fission yeast orthologue functions to limit heterochromatic domains at the mating type locus. (1)

Reference
1. Klose RJ,Kallin EM,Zhang Y (2006)JmjC-domain-containing proteins and histone demethylation. Nat Rev Genet., 7:715-727. PMID: 16983801.

    JmjC_only: The seventh group that we discuss contains several JmjC domain- containing proteins that, apart from the JmjC domain, contain no other recognizable protein domains. This group forms its own branch that is based on homology within the JmjC domain, and includes all of the JmjC-domain proteins that are known to localize to the cytoplasm (FIH, PLA2G4B and HSPBAP1). We propose that these proteins, of which only the MINA53/NO66 group (see below) has orthologues in yeast, might have diverged in higher eukaryotes to carry out functions that are independent of histone demethylation. (1)

Reference
1. Klose RJ,Kallin EM,Zhang Y (2012)JmjC-domain-containing proteins and histone demethylation. Nat Rev Genet., 7:715-727. PMID: 16983801.

    LSD1_KDM1: LSD1 (Lysine specific demethylase1) was the founding member of a second class of enzymes that directly reverse histone H3K4 or H3K9 modifications by an oxidative demethylation reaction in which flavin is a cofactor. Full enzymatic activity of LSD1 requires its association with other proteins, such as the CoREST (restin corepressor) complex, indicating that regulatory subunits can have a role in modulating demethylase activity. (1)

Reference
1. Klose RJ,Kallin EM,Zhang Y (2013)JmjC-domain-containing proteins and histone demethylation. Nat Rev Genet., 7:715-727. PMID: 16983801.